CAUSES, TRANSMISSION, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF DENGUE

Dengue fever may be a painful, enervating mosquito-borne unwellness caused by anyone of 4 closely connected dandy fever viruses. These viruses ar associated with the viruses that cause West Nile River infection and black vomit.

Most cases occur in tropical areas of the world, with the greatest risk occurring in: 

1. The Indian subcontinent
2. Southern China
3. Taiwan
4. The Pacific Islands
5. Mexico
6. Southeast Asia
7. Africa

Causes

Dengue fever virus (DENV) is associate polymer virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus animal virus. alternative members of constant genus embrace black vomit virus, West Nile River virus, Zika virus, Japanese inflammation virus, tick-borne inflammation virus and Omsk VHF virus.

There ar 5 strains of the virus referred to as serotypes, of that the primary four ar remarked as DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4.

Transmission 

Dengue virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitos, notably A. aegypti. the height purpose of their bite is throughout the first morning and within the evening, however they will bite and therefore unfold infection at any time of day. alternative Aedes species that transmit the unwellness embrace A. albopictus, A. polynesiensis and A. scutellaris.

                                   

Humans are the first host of the virus, however it conjointly circulates in anthropoid primates. associate infection are often non heritable via one bite. It are often conjointly transmitted by infected blood product.

Mosquito to human transmission 

After feeding on associate DENV (Dengue virus) infected person, the virus replicates within the dipterous insect midgut, before it disseminates to secondary tissues, as well as the secretion glands.

 The time it takes from ingesting the virus to actual transmission to a replacement host is termed the adventitious time period (EIP). The EIP takes concerning 8-12 days once the close temperature is between 25-28°C.

Human to mosquito transmission 

Infected person infects the dipterous insect. Human-to-mosquito transmission will occur up to a pair of days before somebody shows symptoms of the unhealthiness, up to a pair of days once the fever has resolved.

Symptoms of Dengue Fever 

Symptoms, which usually begin four to six days after infection and last for up to 10 days may include.... 

1. severe headache
2. pain behind the eyes
3. nausea
4. swollen glands
5. rash
6. muscle and joint pains
7. vomiting

Severe dengue 

The patient enters within the vital part concerning three to six days once. during this part fever is dropping below 38°C/100°F. Severe dandy fever is fatal complication, because of plasma unseaworthy, fluid accumulation, metastasis distress, severe injury, or organ impairment. Symptoms of the severe dengue is......

1. severe abdominal pain
2. persistent vomiting
3. rapid breathing
4. fatigue
5. blood in vomit
6. restlessness
7. bleeding gums

Diagnosing Dengue Fever 

Doctors will diagnose dandy fever infection with a biopsy to envision for the virus or antibodies thereto. If you become sick once traveling to a tropical space, let your doctor grasp. this can permit your doctor to judge the chance that your symptoms were caused by a dengue fever infection. 

Treatment for Dengue Fever 

There is no specific medication to treat dandy fever infection. If you're thinking that you will have dengue, you must use pain relievers with Datril and avoid medicines with Bayer, that may worsen injury.

                                 

You should conjointly rest, drink many fluids, and see your doctor. If you begin to feel worse within the initial twenty four hours once your fever goes down, you must get to a hospital straightaway to be checked for complications.

Preventing Dengue Fever 

The best thanks to forestall the unwellness is to forestall bites by infected mosquitoes, notably if you're living in or traveling to a tropical space. This involves protective yourself and creating efforts to stay the dipterous insect population down.

In 2019, the authority approved a immunogen referred to as Dengvaxia to assist forestall the unwellness from occurring in adolescents aged nine to sixteen UN agency have already been infected by dandy fever. But, there presently isn't any immunogen to forestall the final population from catching it.

To protect yourself , 

1. Discard old drums, used tyres, plastic containers and other items that collect rainwater. These items act as breeding ground for the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
2. Sleeping area should have mosquito netting over the bed.
3. Avoid mosquito bites even during the day.
4. Wear long sleeves shirts and long pants outdoor.
5. Use mosquito repellent on skin and clothing.
6. Eliminate mosquito breeding sites around homes.
7. Regularly change water in animals and pets container.

15 june is observed as lnternational Anti Dengue Day every year.